NavList:
A Community Devoted to the Preservation and Practice of Celestial Navigation and Other Methods of Traditional Wayfinding
Re: Immutable firmament?
From: Gary LaPook
Date: 2010 Dec 05, 23:54 -0800
From: Gary LaPook
Date: 2010 Dec 05, 23:54 -0800
I'm a Scorpio and Scorpios don't believe in astrology. gl On 12/5/2010 10:42 PM, Frank Reed wrote: > > Gary, you wrote: > "But even the ancients noticed that the sun had changed its position > in relationship to the stars at the time of the solstices and equinoxes." > > Yes, Gary, but precession is a PURE ROTATION of the coordinate system. > The point here is that it does not change the "immutability" of the > firmament. For comparison, obviously when the stars change their > altitudes and azimuths all during the night, we can still treat them > as if they are fixed on a celestial sphere. Sirius climbs from 10 to > 20 to 30 degrees, while Rigel rises from 30 to 37 to 40 degrees in the > same period of time. The coordinates are changing, but the relative > relationships of the stars on the "immutable firmament" of the > celestial sphere does not change. Apart from refraction, the angles > between the stars do not change during this daily rotation of the > coordinates. While precession is drastically slower, it is exactly the > same sort of thing. Over the course of 26,000 years, the celestial > sphere rotates around the axis passing through the north and south > ecliptic poles. And just like the daily rotation, this does not > require us to drop the idea of an immutable celestial sphere. And sure > enough, Hipparchus and Ptolemy did NOT abandon the celestial sphere > even though Hipparchus had discovered precession. > > The "mutability" of the celestial sphere only comes about when we > recognize that the stars are other individual celestial objects each > with its own specific motion. And again, if you want to see evidence > of this, look at the angular distance between Arcturus and Spica over > the past couple of hundred years. Arcturus is a fast-moving star. It > certainly isn't tied down to any "immutable" sphere of quintessence! > > Gary, you wrote: > "I have always chuckled at astrology that assigns statuses to people > born while the sun is in a particular constellation. The problem with > this is that the dates given for the sun being in the birth > constellation are incorrect and the sun is actually one and a half > constellations removed from the stated constellation for those dates > due to precession of the equinoxes over the time period since the > astrologers set up their reckoning." > > I've got to warn you, Gary, that this isn't true AT ALL. Do you really > suppose that astrologers would somehow have missed the news out of > Greece 21 centuries ago informing the world of the existence of the > precession of the equinoxes?? Professional or "real" astrologers are, > in fact, well aware of this. The problem for people who know just > enough astronomy to mock astrologers is that they don't understand > what the zodiacal signs are (there are, by the way, plenty of > excellent reasons to doubt astrology, but this is not one of them). > The signs of the zodiac are indeed named after the constellations, but > they are not the same as the constellations. The signs, from a > mathematical perspective, can be considered nothing more than an > extension of the sexagesimal system of degrees, minutes, and seconds. > They are simply thirty-degree divisions of the circle. So, for > example, I can express a position in a circle as 3s, 10d, 15', 59" > where "3s" means "third sign". Depending on whether the numbering > starts with zero or one, this "3s" would be equivalent to either 90 or > 60 degrees. When applied to the ecliptic, these thirty-degree bands of > ecliptic longitude are given names (corresponding to the > constellations lined up with them thousands of years ago). So the > first thirty-degree band is called Aries, the second Taurus, and so > on. Thus the position of a planet could be given in quick shorthand as > "Aries 12" or "Taurus 28" which, in modern terminology, would mean > that the ecliptic longitude of that planet is 12 degrees or 58 degrees > respectively. Is that easier? Is it perhaps easier to remember "Taurus > 28"?? I would say that it depends on what you're used to. It rather > reminds me of "Klondike 5-1234" being replaced by "555-1234" (see the > PS if that is an unfamiliar reference for anyone following along). > > Now you might think that only superstitious astrologers would use such > a weird system as attaching verbal labels to bands of ecliptic > longitude or using names that do not reflect the current sky, but it's > not so. As late as the early 19th century, professional astronomers > still used the "S.D.M.S." (sign, degree, minute, second) system for > listing ecliptic longitudes. I am attaching a page from the Nautical > Almanac from 1820. And note that this is not back in the dark ages. > This is over a century after Isaac Newton, decades after the discovery > of the planet Uranus (known as the "Georgian" in Britain back then), > and it's after the Enlightenment and the birth of real modern science. > Nonetheless, they used the zodiac signs to specify the positions of > the planets. In the attached almanac page, the geocentric longitude > (meaning geocentric longitude in ecliptic coordinates) for Mercury on > April 1, 1820 is listed under S.D.M. as 0.27.27. For us today, that's > just 27d 27' ecliptic longitude. Meanwhile, at the bottom, the > longitude of the Georgian is 8.28.48 which would be, as a modern > angle, 268d 48' (268=8*30+28). > > And lest you still think you might mock astrologers for using such an > old-fashioned, nearly two-hundred-years obsolete, system for naming > positions along the ecliptic, bear in mind that a clever enough > astrologer can turn the tables on you and point out that celestial > navigators do EXACTLY the same thing in one special case, a vestige of > that common usage from 200 years ago. The "GHA of Aries", so important > in navigation, does not refer to the constellation Aries at all. It's > almost as if celestial navigators are "too stupid to realize that > precession exists" (so a debating astrologer might say). But no, this > is just the old system for labeling the ecliptic. It's called Aries > because that's the name for the first band of thirty degrees, the zero > point of ecliptic longitude, starting from the point where the > ecliptic crosses the celestial equator north-bound. > > By the way, there are some very intelligent people who post here who > take a serious interest in astrology and do not consider it nonsense. > > ...Not me. > > -FER > PS: I said above that the change in the system for labeling points on > the ecliptic "reminds me of Klondike 5-1234 being replaced by > 555-1234". For those, especially outside the US, who are scratching > their heads, this was the old system for listing phone number in the > United States (and some other countries). A number in a local exchange > has a three-digit exchange number followed by four digits for the > specific number. Those local exchanges used to be known by letters > which were then given mnemonic names like "Klondike". Until the early > 1960s (so I have read), most phone numbers were listed with this mixed > alphanumeric system and you can still here "Klondike" numbers in old > movies and tv shows. More here: > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_number. > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------- > NavList message boards and member settings: www.fer3.com/NavList > Members may optionally receive posts by email. > To cancel email delivery, send a message to NoMail[at]fer3.com > ---------------------------------------------------------------- >