NavList:
A Community Devoted to the Preservation and Practice of Celestial Navigation and Other Methods of Traditional Wayfinding
Lunars in the Nautical Almanacs in 1919 and later
From: Frank Reed
Date: 2005 Apr 16, 21:56 EDT
From: Frank Reed
Date: 2005 Apr 16, 21:56 EDT
The predicted lunar distance tables were dropped from the British Nautical Almanacs in 1907 and from the American Nautical Almanacs in 1912. But instructions on computing and using them were included for quite a while after those dates in appendices to the almanacs. The "American Nautical Almanac" included an appendix through 1933 that explained how to calculate a lunar distance if a navigator chose to use them. It gave two simple methods for calculating the distance, one that gave the cosine of the distance which was appropriate for large angles and the other that produced the sine of the distance which was good for small angles. The appendix was updated with fresh examples every year. There was no advice on clearing a measured lunar in the American almanac. The British "Nautical Almanac Abridged for the Use of Seamen" included an appendix through 1919 or 1924 or perhaps 1928 (haven't found out for sure yet and secondary sources disagree) that explained how to calculate a predicted lunar distance using versines, haversines, or log haversines. But this appendix went much further than the one in the American almanac. It also included good, basic instructions on the general principle of a lunar distance and described the calculations necessary to clear a lunar using a method closely related to Airy's excellent method. This appendix suggested shooting lunars with the Sun, the bright planets, the usual nine lunars stars, and also Castor, Betelgeuse, and Procyon as good options for lunar distances. So why were they keeping this up so many decades after lunars had fallen into practical disuse? In short, for the same reasons we think about doing lunars today. The introduction to the appendix in the British Abridged Nautical Almanac says it perfectly: "there is probably no better method of becoming an expert observer with the sextant than by practising this observation". -FER http://www.HistoricalAtlas.com/lunars