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    Re: Arctic circle
    From: Herbert Prinz
    Date: 2006 Jul 5, 13:35 -0500

    Hello Robert,
    
    I understand that you are asking about linear distances. Defining the
    Tropics and the Arctic Circles as parallel circles at geodetic latitudes
    eps and 90-eps, respectively,
    
    where eps = 23.44 deg (J2000.0), and a = 6378.14, f = 1/ 298.257 (WGS 84),
    
    an approximative formula (+/- 50m) given by Andoyer (see e.g. Meeus,
    Astr. Alg. p.85) obtains
    
         D(Equator - Tropic)   =   2593.25 km
         D(Pole - Arctic)         =   2616.66 km
    
    
    For what it is worth, the geocentric latitudes of both these parallel
    circles are 8.4' lower than the corresponding geodetic ones (give or
    take 1"). This follows from
    
         phi - phi' = 692.73" sin (2 phi) - 1.16" sin (4 phi)
    (see Meeus, Astr. Alg. p.83).
    
    discarding the 2nd term.
    
    I can run the computation for different parameters, if you wish.
    
    Best regards
    
    Herbert Prinz
    
    
    
    
    Gent van R.H. wrote:
    
    >Hi,
    >
    >On a truely spherical earth the distance between the North Pole and the
    >Arctic Circle is equal to that between the Tropic of Cancer and the equator.
    >
    >In reality both distances should be slightly different due to the flattening
    >of the Earth.
    >
    >Does anyone know the exact numbers, based on current estimates for the
    >earth's diameter and flattening?
    >
    >Thanks in advance,
    >
    
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