NavList:

Chiming in late...

#1 is the biggie: the "law of cosines" formula for altitude

#2 is a formula for azimuth that can be used once you have the altitude

#3 and #4 turn these formulas inside-out to make them useful for star-identification:

    given an altitude and azimuth, they return declination and hour angle.

I was thinking that #5 looks like the simplified formula for finding sunset/sunrise,

   when the center of the body is at 0 degrees altitude ignoring dip and refraction.

   But I think that is just tan d * tan L, so this may be something different.

#6 and #7 didn't look familiar to me, but I think you already have answers for those.

  -- Bill N