NavList:
A Community Devoted to the Preservation and Practice of Celestial Navigation and Other Methods of Traditional Wayfinding
Re: Make a UPS? PLease ignore my prior post, NEVER mind, I did it correctly.
From: Gary LaPook
Date: 2014 Oct 19, 15:24 -0700
From: Gary LaPook <NoReply_LaPook@fer3.com>
To: garylapook@pacbell.net
Sent: Sunday, October 19, 2014 10:56 PM
Subject: [NavList] Re: Make a UPS? PLease ignore my prior post.
From: Gary LaPook <NoReply_LaPook@fer3.com>
To: garylapook---.net
Sent: Sunday, October 19, 2014 10:36 PM
Subject: [NavList] Re: Make a UPS?
From: Peter Hakel <NoReply_PeterHakel@fer3.com>
To: garylapook---.net
Sent: Sunday, October 19, 2014 8:51 PM
Subject: [NavList] Re: Make a UPS?
From: Gary LaPook
Date: 2014 Oct 19, 15:24 -0700
I rechecked my computation using Table 5 Meridional Parts and it is correct, only a small part of my explanation was left out and it is here in bold.
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If you are a perfectionist you would use Meridional Parts found in Table 5 of Bowditch. These are simply the number of nautical miles from the equator to a particular latitude, listed to the nearest 0.1 NM, as you would plot on a Mercator chart, and takes into account the oblateness of the Earth. For example 34° latitude would
is 2,040 NM from the equator but on a Mercator chart it is plotted further away, Table 5 gives it as 2158.4 NM. So to construct a perfect Mercator plotting sheet, for example covering two degrees of latitude, 33° to 35°, and two degrees on longitude we look up the Meridional parts for 33° and 35°, and subtract to find the number of NM between those two parallels as plotted on the chart.. 2230.0 for 35° and 2086.8 for 33° makes a difference of 143.2 NM. Since this distance represents 120 minutes of latitude we divide 120 by 143.2 to find the ratio of parallels to degrees of longitude at a mid-latitude of 34°. 120/ 143.2 = 0.838 so we place the lines of longitude at this ratio to parallels (if we start with parallels spaced 60 NM apart, which is the normal way to do it. If you, for some reason you wanted to start with meridians then you would place the parallels at the inverse of this ratio 1.193.) So along the mid-latitude of 34° ,one
degree of longitude will equal 50.279 NM.
But that is the hard, perfectionist's, way to do it. In fact, the ratio of the spacing of meridians to parallels is very closely approximated by the cosine of the latitude. So doing this simpler and much more common way, we take the cosine of the 34 mid-latitude, 0.829 which only differs from the meridional difference ratio of 0.830 by only 0.009 so we would plot the meridians 49.742 NM apart a difference of less than 1%.
Or we could use Table 6 of Bowditch which gives the spacing of meridians and parallels. At 34 degrees of latitude, one degree of latitude is actually equal to
59.891 NM while a degree of longitude is 49.885 a ratio of 0.833 so if spacing, then, the parallels at exactly 60 NM then the meridians would be spaced at 49.976 NM, only 1/2% difference from using the simpler cosine of the latitude method.
The easy was to construct the plotting sheet using the cosine method is to draw parallels equally spaced to represent 60 NM and the center horizontal line for the mid-latitude. Then from the intersection of the mid-latitude and the mid-longitude draw a line upward from the mid-latitude line by the number of degrees of mid-latitude. Measure along this angled line by 60 units of latitude (60 NM) and draw in the meridian from this point vertically and this will space the meridian at
the cosine of the mid-latitude times 60 NM. then repeat the spacing for additional meridians.This is exactly what Hakel's method shows.
gl
From: Gary LaPook <NoReply_LaPook@fer3.com>
To: garylapook@pacbell.net
Sent: Sunday, October 19, 2014 10:56 PM
Subject: [NavList] Re: Make a UPS? PLease ignore my prior post.
Pleas don't read my prior post, I made a computation
error with the Meridional parts, I will correct and repost.
gl
From: Gary LaPook <NoReply_LaPook@fer3.com>
To: garylapook---.net
Sent: Sunday, October 19, 2014 10:36 PM
Subject: [NavList] Re: Make a UPS?
Or we could use Table 6 of Bowditch which gives the
spacing of meridians and parallels. For 34 degrees on degree of latitude is actually equal to 59.891 NM while a degree of longitude is 49.885 a ratio of 0.833 so if spacing then parallels at exactly 60 NM then the Meridians would be spaced at 49.976 NM, only 1/2% difference than using the simpler cosine of the latitude method.
The easy was to construct the plotting sheet using the cosine method is to draw
parallels equally spaced to represent 60 NM and one horizontal line for the mid-latidude. Then from the intersection of the mid-latitude and the mid-longitude draw a line upward from the mid-latitude line by the number of degrees of mid-latitude. Measure along this angled line by 60 units of latitude (60 NM) and draw in the meridian form this point vertically and this will space the meridian at the cosine of the mid-latitude times 60 NM. This is exactly what Hakel's method shows.
gl
From: Peter Hakel <NoReply_PeterHakel@fer3.com>
To: garylapook---.net
Sent: Sunday, October 19, 2014 8:51 PM
Subject: [NavList] Re: Make a UPS?
About two years ago NavList member Greg Rudzinski came up with a way to accomplish this task using my T-Plotter, see:
Plotting sheet construction with T-Plotter
Plotting sheet construction with T-Plotter
and links therein.
Peter Hakel
Peter Hakel