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    Re: A One-Hour Presentation on Celestial Navigation
    From: Hewitt Schlereth
    Date: 2016 Mar 18, 21:42 -0700
    Frank and Bob -

    I've never heard the term applied to small boat cel nav before, but your "golden age" is when I did my celestial. 

    My first offshore trip was Mamaroneck NY to Bermuda in July 1972. My equipment was an Ebbco plastic sextant, an Omega 'Seamaster' self-winding watch, checked daily with a Radio Shack 'Time Cube' shortwave receiver. 

    The cover photo of Commonsense Celestial Navigation was taken on board Paper Tiger on that 1972 trip and shows me, Ebbco and watch. I describe the Cube in the book.

    Paper Tiger is a 40' Morgan one-off fiberglass CCA yawl, which on that trip had no chart table, so I worked on one leaf of the centerline cabin table with VPOS plotting sheets reduced to 8.5 X 11, using a 4.5 inch parallel ruler. The sun was the only star I shot. So it was morning sun, noon sight, afternoon sun the whole way. Reduction was by HO 249. The only check in those days was the DR.

    I think my last trip was in 1989 by which time I had a C. Plath and a Seiko digital and H0 249 Vol 1. That last trip was either to Halifax or the BVI, but I cannot verify which because the box containing my log book and Atlantic passage chart went astray when I moved to the USVI in 2008.

    Hopefully this account will be a bit of data for your research.

    Hewitt
    San Diego CA

    On Mar 18, 2016, at 5:28 PM, Bob Goethe <NoReply_Goethe@fer3.com> wrote:

    >>I would note that time-keeping at sea in the latter half of the twentieth century did not necessarily depend on a quality chronometer. It depended on good shortwave reception!<<

    Right you are! 

    Now, I left that out of my presentation, since I don't have any idea about when SW radios became practical for small boat sailors.  I presume that tube-radios never really made it big in small boats.  I think Sony brought out the first transistor radio in 1954.  I don't know when usable, affordable marine radios came onto the market.

    The other thing to note is when shortwave radio time signals became ubiquitous.  According to Wikipedia...

    WWV had been broadcasting second pulses since 1937, but these pulses were not tied to actual time. In June 1944, the United States Naval Observatory allowed WWV to use the USNO's clock as a source for its time signals. Over a year later, in October 1945, WWV broadcast Morse code time announcements every five minutes. Voice announcements started on January 1, 1950, and were broadcast every five minutes....

    WWV moved to its present location near Fort Collins on December 1, 1966, enabling better reception of its signal throughout the continental United States.

    So I expect there was a transition to "good times" on small boats, which related to the availability of time signals, affordable (and ruggedized) marine equipment that could pick up those signals, and cheap but accurate wristwatches.  This probably was not there for the small boat sailor in 1930, likely was not there either in 1940.  By 1950, in their newly minted fiberglass sloops, some sailors were getting good time, maybe.  By 1960, probably.  And by 1970, certainly.

    I realize now that the shortwave radio I got in 1968, while I was in high school, was picking up signals here in Alberta that were probably not there at all just a couple of years before, prior to WWV moving to Colorado.  I used to delight in setting my cheap Timex watch to the CORRECT time.  Now I have a radio controlled Casio.  So in some respects, I have not changed much over the past 45 or 50 years.

    I noticed a little while ago how much our assumptions about time have shifted over the decades.  In 1970, you could be 10 minutes late (or early) and that was just normal.  Nobody thought anything of it, since most watches gained or lost several minutes a day.  Recently, I was going to pick somebody up for a church board meeting, and I was 2 minutes late.  The person assumed I had completely forgotten her, and started to walk.  Wow!  Nobody would ever have done that in 1970.  It simply would not have occurred to anybody to expect that degree of punctuality.

    Bob

       
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