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Frank, 

I was composing a reply to your questions but they just disappeared ... Now trying again. You asked

"are these books about navigation on land or are they about coastal navigation (aboard vessels in sight of land)?" The first book, by Thore, is certainly about ship navigation, the author was a teacher at a Nautical School if my memory is correct. But I haven't seen the book so I know nothing about the content. I haven't seen the second book either, by Låftman, but I am pretty sure it is about navigation on water, not land.

Further, you asked

"Is 'terrester navigation' presently, in the year 2017, the normal expression for coastal navigation in Swedish?" No, usually you say just 'navigation'. Among yachting people, and professional navigators as well, it is seldom necessary to specify how you navigate - it is almost 100% GNSS today.

Lastly, you asked "What do you think of when you hear the word 'terrester' in Swedish? What connotations does it have in your language?" The word means, for me at least, primarily 'relating to the earth' and secondary 'relating to land'. But I would never connect 'terrester navigation' with navigation on land. On land you could navigate, as well as at sea, or in the air, either by terrestrial methods or celestial methods. Or by GNSS, which is something in between.

PIW is, I think, an internationally agreed term to be used in SAR operations (Search and Rescue). It has been around for a number of years and I am not sure if USCG invented it. In my view, MOB is a younger term, invented as a button on a GNSS receiver. But I may very well be totally wrong.

Lars